Antibiotic therapyįor most people, the initial way to treat bacterial overgrowth is with antibiotics. In that case, treatment focuses on correcting nutritional deficiencies and eliminating bacterial overgrowth. Whenever possible, doctors treat SIBO by dealing with the underlying problem - for example, by surgically repairing a postoperative loop, stricture or fistula.
In some cases, your doctor may recommend imaging tests, such as X-rays, computerized tomography (CT) scanning or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to look for structural abnormalities of the intestine. In addition to these tests, your doctor may recommend blood testing to look for vitamin deficiency or a stool evaluation to test for fat malabsorption. A sample of intestinal fluid is withdrawn and then tested in a laboratory for the growth of bacteria. To obtain the fluid sample, doctors pass a long, flexible tube (endoscope) down your throat and through your upper digestive tract to your small intestine. This is currently the gold standard test for bacterial overgrowth. Small intestine aspirate and fluid culture.Although widely available, breath testing is less specific than other types of tests for diagnosing bacterial overgrowth. A rapid rise in exhaled hydrogen or methane may indicate bacterial overgrowth in your small intestine. This type of noninvasive test measures the amount of hydrogen or methane that you breathe out after drinking a mixture of glucose and water. In order to diagnose small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), you may have tests to check for bacterial overgrowth in your small intestine, poor fat absorption, or other problems that may be causing or contributing to your symptoms.
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